Tim Rees

Jan 10, 202318 min read

The Game Changers Reference List

In order of presentation and alphabetical.

A few things

If you’re looking for my systematic Game Changers review blogs, start here.

References cited in The Game Changers movie.

I have stopped at the end of the nutrition section for now. So, farming isn’t covered.
I have not included links to newspaper articles, opinion pieces or anecdotes.
Please let me know if any of the links are incorrect or stop working, thanks.

In order of presentation:

Lösch, L., Moghaddam, N., Grossschmidt, K., Risser, D., Kanz, F. (2014) Stable Isotope and Trace Element Studies on Gladiators and Contemporary Romans from Ephesus (Turkey, 2nd and 3rd Ct. AD) — Implications for Differences in Diet. PLOS ONE. 9(10): e110489. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110489

Nieman. (1988). Vegetarian dietary practices and endurance performance. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 48 (3), p.754–761. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1093/ajcn/48.3.75

Rizzo, N., Jaceldo-Siegl, K., Sabate, J. and Fraser, G. (2013). Nutrient Profiles of Vegetarian and Nonvegetarian Dietary Patterns. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 113 (12), p.1610–1619. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.jand.2013.06.349.

McDougall, J. (2002). Plant Foods Have a Complete Amino Acid Composition. Circulation, 105 (25). [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000018905.97677.1f.

Barr, S. and Rideout, C. (2004). Nutritional considerations for vegetarian athletes. Nutrition, 20 (7–8), p.696–703. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.015.

Appleby, P., Key, T., Thorogood, M., Burr, M. and Mann, J. (2002). Mortality in British vegetarians. Public Health Nutrition, 5 (1), p.29–36. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1079/PHN2001248.

Joy, J., Lowery, R., Wilson, J., Purpura, M., Souza, E., Wilson, S., Kalman, D., Dudeck, J. and Jäger, R. (2013). The effects of 8 weeks of whey or rice protein supplementation on body composition and exercise performance. Nutrition Journal, 12 (1), p.86.

Reidy, P. and Rasmussen, B. (2016). Role of Ingested Amino Acids and Protein in the Promotion of Resistance Exercise–Induced Muscle Protein Anabolism. The Journal of Nutrition, 146 (2), p.155–183. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.3945/jn.114.203208.

Bae, J.-H., Bassenge, E., Kim, K.-B., Kim, Y.-N., Kim, K.-S., Lee, H.-J., Moon, K.-C., Lee, M.-S., Park, K.-Y. and Schwemmer, M. (2001). Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia impairs endothelial function by enhanced oxidant stress. Atherosclerosis, 155 (2), p.517–523. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/S0021–9150(00)00601–8.

Marchesi, S., Lupattelli, G., Schillaci, G., Pirro, M., Siepi, D., Roscini, A., Pasqualini, L. and Mannarino, E. (2000). Impaired flow-mediated vasoactivity during post-prandial phase in young healthy men. Atherosclerosis, 153 (2), p.397–402. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/S0021–9150(00)00415–9.

Li, Z., Wong, A., Henning, S., Zhang, Y., Jones, A., Zerlin, A., Thames, G., Bowerman, S., Tseng, C.-H. and Heber, D. (2012). Hass avocado modulates postprandial vascular reactivity and postprandial inflammatory responses to a hamburger meal in healthy volunteers. Food & Function, 4 (3), p.384–391. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1039/C2FO30226H.

Stein, J., Keevil, J., Wiebe, D., Aeschlimann, S. and Folts, J. (1999). Purple Grape Juice Improves Endothelial Function and Reduces the Susceptibility of LDL Cholesterol to Oxidation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Circulation, 100 (10), p.1050–1055. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1161/01.CIR.100.10.1050.

Poreba, R., Skoczynska, A., Gac, P., Poreba, M., Jedrychowska, I., Affelska-Jercha, A., Turczyn, B., Wojakowska, A., Oszmianski, J. and Andrzejak, R. (2009). Drinking of chokeberry juice from the ecological farm Dzieciolowo and distensibility of brachial artery in men with mild hypercholesterolemia. Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM, 16 (2), p.305–308.

Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Rendeiro, C., Bergillos-Meca, T., Tabatabaee, S., George, T., Heiss, C. and Spencer, J. (2013). Intake and time dependence of blueberry flavonoid–induced improvements in vascular function: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover intervention study with mechanistic insights into biological activity. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98 (5), p.1179–1191. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.066639.

Muniyappa, R., Hall, G., Kolodziej, T., Karne, R., Crandon, S. and Quon, M. (2008). Cocoa consumption for 2 wk enhances insulin-mediated vasodilatation without improving blood pressure or insulin resistance in essential hypertension. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 88 (6), p.1685–1696. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26457.

Hirata, K., Shimada, K., Watanabe, H., Otsuka, R., Tokai, K., Yoshiyama, M., Homma, S. and Yoshikawa, J. (2004). Black tea increases coronary flow velocity reserve in healthy male subjects. The American Journal of Cardiology, 93 (11), p.1384–1388. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.02.035.

Khan, F., Ray, S., Craigie, A., Kennedy, G., Hill, A., Barton, K., Broughton, J. and Belch, J. (2014). Lowering of oxidative stress improves endothelial function in healthy subjects with habitually low intake of fruit and vegetables: A randomized controlled trial of antioxidant- and polyphenol-rich blackcurrant juice. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 72, p.232–237. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.006.

Bondonno, C. P., Yang, X., Croft, K. D., Considine, M. J., Ward, N. C., Rich, L., Puddey, I. B., Swinny, E., Mubarak, A. and Hodgson, J. M. (2012). Flavonoid-rich apples and nitrate-rich spinach augment nitric oxide status and improve endothelial function in healthy men and women: a randomized controlled trial. Free radical biology & medicine, 52 (1), p.95–102. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.028.

Hodgson, J. M., Puddey, I. B., Burke, V., Watts, G. F. and Beilin, L. J. (2002). Regular ingestion of black tea improves brachial artery vasodilator function. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 102 (2), p.195–201.

Duffy, S., Jr, J., Holbrook, M., Gokce, N., Swerdloff, P., Frei, B. and Vita, J. (2001). Short- and Long-Term Black Tea Consumption Reverses Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Circulation, 104 (2), aha, p.151–156. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1161/01.CIR.104.2.151.

Jochmann, N., Lorenz, M., Krosigk, A. v v, Martus, P., Böhm, V., Baumann, G., Stangl, K. and Stangl, V. (2008). The efficacy of black tea in ameliorating endothelial function is equivalent to that of green tea. The British journal of nutrition, 99 (4), p.863–868. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1017/S0007114507838992.

Taubert, D., Roesen, R., Lehmann, C., Jung, N. and Schömig, E. (2007). Effects of low habitual cocoa intake on blood pressure and bioactive nitric oxide: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 298 (1), p.49–60. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1001/jama.298.1.49.

Matsusima, A., Furuuchi, R., Sakaguchi, Y., Goto, H., Yokoyama, T., Nishida, H. and Hirayama, M. (2013). Acute and chronic flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure responses to daily intake of boysenberry juice: a preliminary study. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 64 (8), p.988–992. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.3109/09637486.2013.812617.

Grassi, D., Necozione, S., Lippi, C., Croce, G., Valeri, L., Pasqualetti, P., Desideri, G., Blumberg, J. B. and Ferri, C. (2005). Cocoa reduces blood pressure and insulin resistance and improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypertensives. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 46 (2), p.398–405. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1161/01.HYP.0000174990.46027.70.

Hermann, F., Spieker, L. E., Ruschitzka, F., Sudano, I., Hermann, M., Binggeli, C., Lüscher, T. F., Riesen, W., Noll, G. and Corti, R. (2006). Dark chocolate improves endothelial and platelet function.Heart (British Cardiac Society), 92 (1), p.119–120. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.063362.

Nagaya, N., Yamamoto, H., Uematsu, M., Itoh, T., Nakagawa, K., Miyazawa, T., Kangawa, K. and Miyatake, K. (2004). Green tea reverses endothelial dysfunction in healthy smokers. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 90 (12), p.1485–1486. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1136/hrt.2003.026740.

Stull, A., Cash, K., Champagne, C., Gupta, A., Boston, R., Beyl, R., Johnson, W. and Cefalu, W. (2015). Blueberries Improve Endothelial Function, but Not Blood Pressure, in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients, 7 (6), mdpi, p.4107–4123. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.3390/nu7064107.

Jeong, H. S., Hong, S. J., Lee, T.-B. B., Kwon, J.-W. W., Jeong, J. T., Joo, H. J., Park, J. H., Ahn, C.-M. M., Yu, C. W. and Lim, D.-S. S. (2014). Effects of black raspberry on lipid profiles and vascular endothelial function in patients with metabolic syndrome. Phytotherapy research : PTR, 28 (10), p.1492–1498. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1002/ptr.5154.

Kelishadi, R., Gidding, S. S., Hashemi, M., Hashemipour, M., Zakerameli, A. and Poursafa, P. (2011). Acute and long term effects of grape and pomegranate juice consumption on endothelial dysfunction in pediatric metabolic syndrome. Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 16 (3), p.245–253.

Engler, M. B., Engler, M. M., Chen, C. Y., Malloy, M. J., Browne, A., Chiu, E. Y., Kwak, H.-K. K., Milbury, P., Paul, S. M., Blumberg, J. and Mietus-Snyder, M. L. (2004). Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations in healthy adults.Journal of the American College of Nutrition , 23 (3), p.197–204. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1080/07315724.2004.10719361.

Heiss, C., Kleinbongard, P., Dejam, A., Perré, S., Schroeter, H., Sies, H. and Kelm, M. (2005). Acute consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa and the reversal of endothelial dysfunction in smokers. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 46 (7), p.1276–1283. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.06.055.

Domínguez, R., Maté-Muñoz, J. L. L., Cuenca, E., García-Fernández, P., Mata-Ordoñez, F., Lozano-Estevan, M. C. C., Veiga-Herreros, P., da Silva, S. F. and Garnacho-Castaño, M. V. (2018). Effects of beetroot juice supplementation on intermittent high-intensity exercise efforts. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15, p.2. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1186/s12970–017–0204–9.

Carlsen, M., Halvorsen, B., Holte, K., Bøhn, S., Dragland, S., Sampson, L., Willey, C., Senoo, H., Umezono, Y., Sanada, C., Barikmo, I., Berhe, N., Willett, W., Phillips, K., Jacobs, D. and Blomhoff, R. (2010). The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Nutrition Journal, 9 (1), p.3. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1186/1475–2891–9–3.

Sutliffe, J., Wilson, L., Heer, H., Foster, R. and Carnot, M. (2015). C-reactive protein response to a vegan lifestyle intervention. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 23 (1), p.32–37. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2014.11.001.

Hever, J. (2016). Plant-Based Diets: A Physician’s Guide. The Permanente journal, 20 (3), p.15–082. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.7812/TPP/15–082.

Yang, W., Li, B., Dong, X., Zhang, X.-Q. Q., Zeng, Y., Zhou, J.-L. L., Tang, Y.-H. H. and Xu, J.-J. J. (2014). Is heme iron intake associated with risk of coronary heart disease? A meta-analysis of prospective studies. European journal of nutrition, 53 (2), p.395–400. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1007/s00394–013–0535–5.

Preis, S. R., Stampfer, M. J., Spiegelman, D., Willett, W. C. and Rimm, E. B. (2010). Dietary protein and risk of ischemic heart disease in middle-aged men. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 92 (5), p.1265–1272. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.29626.

Le, L. T. and Sabaté, J. (2014). Beyond meatless, the health effects of vegan diets: findings from the Adventist cohorts. Nutrients, 6 (6), p.2131–2147. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.3390/nu6062131.

Ornish, D., Brown, S. E., Scherwitz, L. W., Billings, J. H., Armstrong, W. T., Ports, T. A., McLanahan, S. M., Kirkeeide, R. L., Brand, R. J. and Gould, K. L. (1990). Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial. Lancet (London, England), 336 (8708), p.129–133. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/0140–6736(90)91656-U.

Levine, M. E., Suarez, J. A., Brandhorst, S., Balasubramanian, P., Cheng, C.-W. W., Madia, F., Fontana, L., Mirisola, M. G., Guevara-Aguirre, J., Wan, J., Passarino, G., Kennedy, B. K., Wei, M., Cohen, P., Crimmins, E. M. and Longo, V. D. (2014). Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population. Cell metabolism, 19 (3), p.407–417. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.006.

Michaud, D. S., Augustsson, K., Rimm, E. B., Stampfer, M. J., Willet, W. C. and Giovannucci, E. (2001). A prospective study on intake of animal products and risk of prostate cancer. Cancer causes & control : CCC, 12 (6), p.557–567. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1023/a:1011256201044.

Singh, P. N., Fraser, G. E., (1998) Dietary Risk Factors for Colon Cancer in a Low-risk Population. American Journal of Epidemiology. 148 (8) 761–74. [Online]. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/99a1/6ebf7be76e37abfab9215e3bb3214ec7aa8d.pdf.

McDowell, R. L., Ward, E. N., (?) Optimum Vitamin Nutrition in Poultry. International Poultry Production. 16 (4) 27–34. [Online]. Available at: http://www.positiveaction.info/pdfs/articles/pp16.4p27.pdf

Tucker, K. L., Rich, S., Rosenberg, I., Jacques, P., Dallal, G., Wilson, P. W. and Selhub, J. (2000). Plasma vitamin B-12 concentrations relate to intake source in the Framingham Offspring study.The American journal of clinical nutrition , 71 (2), p.514–522. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.2.514.

Appleby, P. N., Thorogood, M., Mann, J. I. and Key, T. J. (1999). The Oxford Vegetarian Study: an overview. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 70 (3 Suppl), p.525S–531S. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1093/ajcn/70.3.525s

Key, T. J., Roe, L., Thorogood, M., Moore, J. W., Clark, G. M. and Wang, D. Y. (1990). Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, calculated free testosterone, and oestradiol in male vegans and omnivores. The British journal of nutrition, 64 (1), p.111–119. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1079/BJN19900014.

Allen, N. E., Appleby, P. N., Davey, G. K. and Key, T. J. (2000). Hormones and diet: low insulin-like growth factor-I but normal bioavailable androgens in vegan men. British journal of cancer, 83 (1), p.95–97. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1054/bjoc.2000.1152.

Daxenberger, A., Ibarreta, D. and Meyer, H. H. (2001). Possible health impact of animal oestrogens in food. Human reproduction update, 7 (3), p.340–355. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1093/humupd/7.3.340.

Carruba, G., Granata, O. M., Pala, V., Campisi, I., Agostara, B., Cusimano, R., Ravazzolo, B. and Traina, A. (2006). A traditional Mediterranean diet decreases endogenous estrogens in healthy postmenopausal women. Nutrition and cancer, 56 (2), p.253–259. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1207/s15327914nc5602_18

Maruyama, K., Oshima, T. and Ohyama, K. (2010). Exposure to exogenous estrogen through intake of commercial milk produced from pregnant cows. Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 52 (1), p.33–38. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1111/j.1442–200X.2009.02890.x.

Anderson, K. E., Rosner, W., Khan, M. S., New, M. I., Pang, S. Y., Wissel, P. S. and Kappas, A. (1987). Diet-hormone interactions: protein/carbohydrate ratio alters reciprocally the plasma levels of testosterone and cortisol and their respective binding globulins in man. Life sciences, 40 (18), p.1761–1768. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1016/0024–3205(87)90086–5.

Williams, P. G., Grafenauer, S. J. and O’Shea, J. E. (2008). Cereal grains, legumes, and weight management: a comprehensive review of the scientific evidence. Nutrition reviews, 66 (4), p.171–182. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1111/j.1753–4887.2008.00022.x.

Schwingshackl, L., Hoffmann, G., Kalle-Uhlmann, T., Arregui, M., Buijsse, B. and Boeing, H. (2015). Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Changes in Anthropometric Variables in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. PloS one, 10 (10), p.e0140846. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140846.

Vargas, S., Romance, R., Petro, J. L., Bonilla, D. A., Galancho, I., Espinar, S., Kreider, R. B. and Benítez-Porres, J. (2018). Efficacy of ketogenic diet on body composition during resistance training in trained men: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition , 15 (1), p.31. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1186/s12970–018–0236–9.

Michaëlsson, K., Wolk, A., Langenskiöld, S., Basu, S., Warensjö Lemming, E., Melhus, H. and Byberg, L. (2014). Milk intake and risk of mortality and fractures in women and men: cohort studies. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 349, p.g6015. [Online]. Available at: doi:10.1136/bmj.g6015.